Laser cutting is a high-energy-density processing method used for precision cutting of both metallic and non-metallic materials, most commonly executed by industrial laser cutting machines.  

The primary technical parameters include:

• Laser Power: The most critical parameter; higher power allows for faster cutting speeds and the ability to process thicker materials. High-reflectivity or high-thermal-conductivity materials require increased power to compensate for energy loss.  
• Cutting Speed: Measured in meters per minute (m/min), speed is influenced by material type, thickness, and laser power. Research indicates a U-shaped relationship between speed and surface roughness, meaning an optimal speed point exists for the smoothest finish.  
• Cutting Thickness: Determined by the equipment’s rated power, material type (density and hardness), and the specific cutting technology used.  
• Gas Pressure (Auxiliary Gas): During the melting process, auxiliary gas blows away molten metal to form the kerf. The pressure must be sufficient to ensure a clean cut and clear edges.  
• Beam Quality and Focus: The spot size is proportional to the focal length of the lens. While short focal lengths provide smaller spots, they reduce the depth of field. Defocusing is typically set to a negative value (focus point below the material surface) to optimize depth and speed.  
• Nozzle Selection: The nozzle diameter should match the material thickness. Maintaining a constant distance between the nozzle and the workpiece surface is essential for process stability.